《植物生理学报》 2014, 50(9): 1293-1304

植物衰老过程中的表观遗传学调控

黄冬梅*, 任育军*, 缪颖**

福建农林大学生命科学学院分子细胞和系统生物学中心, 福州350002

通信作者： 缪颖；E-mail: ymiao2013@hotmail.com；Tel: 0591-86392987

摘　要：

植物衰老是由内外环境因子共同调节的, 发生在细胞、组织、器官和个体等多个层面上的衰退和死亡过程, 涉及基因表达、蛋白翻译和修饰水平变化以及多种细胞结构和代谢途径的变化, 并与激素和生物/非生物胁迫的应答等过程形成复杂的调控网络。近年的研究表明, 表观遗传修饰参与了对植物衰老过程的调节, 是除经典遗传学以研究基因序列影响生物学功能之外在非核酸序列改变的情况下导致可遗传的基因表达变化的机制。本文综述了植物衰老过程中表观遗传调控的机理, 包括染色质构象变化、DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰、ATP依赖的重构因子和非编码RNA介导的调控等, 并对这一领域今后的发展方向进行了展望。

关键词：植物衰老; 表观遗传修饰; 染色质重构; 组蛋白修饰; 基因表达

收稿：2014-07-04   修定：2014-08-21

资助：德国国家自然科学基金DFG (MI1392/1-1)、NSFC(31470383)和福建省“百人计划”科研经费。

Epigenetic Regulation in Plant Senescence

HUANG Dong-Mei*, REN Yu-Jun*, MIAO Ying**

The Center for Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China

Corresponding author: HUANG Dong-Mei; E-mail: ymiao2013@hotmail.com; Tel: 0591-86392987

Abstract:

Plant senescence is a recession and death procedure that happens in cells, tissues, organs or individuals. This process is affected by various internal and external environmental factors, resulting in the changes of gene expression, protein translation and modification, and cell structure as well many metabolic pathways. Senescence is related to the expression of many regulatory genes, which form a complex network with other signal pathways induced by plant hormone, biotic or abiotic stresses. Current increasing evidences indicate the plant senescence is controlled by epigenetic regulation, which shows a new important regulatory way besides the classic genetic regulation mechanism. In this review, we summarized the research progress of epigenetic control of senescence in plant, including the change of chromatin remodeling, DNA methylation, histone modification, the ATP dependent factors-mediated chromatin reconstruction and non-coding RNA mediated regulation. The future research trends in this area were also prospected.

Key words: plant senescence; epigenetic regulation; chromatin remodeling; histone modification; gene expression